Full-cut heading machine

ABSTRACT

In a full-cut heading machine including a drill head ( 1 ) for hard rock, which is rotationally mounted about an axis of rotation ( 6 ) extending in the driving direction, as well as downstream extraction tools ( 5 ) for producing a floor widened in the floor region, the downstream extraction tools ( 5 ) are arranged on the shells, and optionally end faces, of rollers ( 3, 4 ) rotationally mounted transversely to the axis of rotation ( 6 ) of the drill head ( 1 ).

The invention relates to a full-cut heading machine including a drillhead for hard rock, which is rotationally mounted about an axis ofrotation extending in the driving direction, as well as downstreamextraction tools for producing a floor widened in the floor region.

Heading machines are known in various configurations. From DE-AS1260412, a configuration has become known, in which additional tools arearranged at a distance from the longitudinal axis of the machine in thelower region of the heading machine behind the drill head, viewed in thedriving direction, which are able to work off the material left behindby the drill head. In that known configuration, the axes of theadditional drilling tools are oriented parallelly to the longitudinalaxis of the machine, and a bucket chain conveyor is provided behind thetwo extraction tools to receive the material. In the event of hard rock,suitably adapted extraction tools are, however, required, thus renderingthe beginning of extraction relatively difficult in the direction to themine face on account of the direction of rotation of the additionaltools, whereby the widening of the floor is accordingly limited.

In DE 3121244 A1, a number of drill heads equipped with roller bits areprovided behind the supporting device of a full-cut drill head, thoseadditional drill heads being again rotationally mounted about rotationalaxes extending parallelly to the axis of the main drill head. In thatconfiguration too, a substantial widening of the floor will only befeasible if the additional rotating cutter heads are accordinglypivotally mounted and become outwardly displaceable relative to thecentral axis of rotation, thus requiring relatively expensive drivingmeans.

Additional laterally displaceable and pivotable extraction tools aredescribed in DE 3421704 A1. In that previously known configuration, thedownstream extraction tools are adjusted relative to the lateral walland pivoted in the direction of the lateral widening of the floor. Tothis end, a supporting structure is provided, which defines a free spacein the lower region, as in the case of a portal, wherein the discloseddevice can be attached directly behind a drill head such that a wallingcan be set in the gallery or in the drift, without requiring interimprotection measures. The supporting structure, however, requiresadditional space within the gallery and may impede walling.

The invention now aims to provide a full-cut heading machine which, inparticular, is especially suitable for mining in hard rock, and by whicha circular gallery profile can initially be cut, whereupon an almostplane floor is to be obtained without reducing the overall drivingperformance. At the same time, the configuration is to be designedsufficiently compact to hinder as little as possible the driving of thetrack, and is to be designed to ensure a sufficiently high drivingperformance also by the downstream extraction tools in the event ofmaterial having a high cube compressive strength, and/or of hard rock.

To solve this object, the configuration according to the inventionessentially consists in that the downstream extraction tools arearranged on the shells, and optionally end faces, of rollersrotationally mounted transversely to the axis of rotation of the drillhead. Due to the fact that the downstream drill heads or extractiontools are arranged on the shells or end faces of rollers, disc tools canagain be used, as with the central drill head, so as to enable theachievement of cutting performances adapted to the material to beextracted. In a particularly advantageous manner, the configuration isdevised such that the extraction tools are designed as roller bits.

In order to ensure rapid walling and a high driving performance evenwith hard rock while, at the same time, achieving a largely plane floor,the configuration is advantageously devised such that, outside thevertical longitudinal central plane, two rollers are rotationallymounted, whose axial length is between 50 and 75%, preferably 60 to 70%,of the radius of the drill head, wherein the downstream roller bits arepreferably mounted on the shells of the rollers with the axes ofrotation extending substantially parallelly to the axes of rotation ofthe rollers. Such dimensioning of the rollers, and such an arrangementof the axis of rotation of the roller bits, allow the respectivedimensions and distances to be selected with a view to achieving anaccordingly optimized overall driving performance adapted to the cubecompressive strength of the respective material to be excavated. In thisrespect, the configuration is advantageously devised such that the axialdistances of the roller bits distributedly arranged on the shell are 75to 100% of the radial distances of the roller bits of the drill bit. Inthis manner, the same cutting parameters as with the discs of therotational main drill head can be maintained.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the material cut by the discs ofthe rollers can be taken up by clearing tools which become activethemselves also in association with the rotationally mounted drill head.In order to enable such haulage, the configuration is advantageouslydevised such that the rollers are drivable for rotation from the floorupwardly to the mine face, wherein the drill head, and/or a carriercoupled with the drill head, preferably carry clearing tools, inparticular chutes and/or shovels, for taking up excavated material,which are movable onto a haulage device via a discharge site. Theclearing tools of the drill head may be comprised of rigid chutes fixedwithin the drill head. Connected with the drill head may be a rotatingcarrier with folding shovels each throwing the received material ontothe conveyor belt on a delivery or discharge site to a haulage device.

In order to prevent the floor from being dug off too deeply by theroller disc tools, and the entire heading machine from tilting as awhole relative to the mine face, a special type of floor support will beof particular advantage, to which end the configuration isadvantageously devised such that a slide-like floor support extendingfrom an end facing the mine beyond the projection of the axes ofrotation of the rollers on the floor is arranged in the verticallongitudinal central plane of the heading machine. Such a slide-shapedor skid-shaped support in terms of contour may correspond with theoutline shape of the rotationally mounted drill head and, therefore,rest stably on the floor via a relatively large surface area, the floorwidening becoming effective outside the floor support slightly higherthan the tangent to such a skid-shaped or slide-shaped floor support.The support extends beyond the axis of rotation of the roller in orderto be able to also safely absorb reaction forces.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by wayof an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing.Therein,

FIG. 1 is a front view of the full-cut heading machine according to theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a view in the same direction on a section along line II-II ofFIG. 3; and

FIG. 3 depicts an axial section through the forward region of theheading machine according to the invention.

FIG. 1 depicts a drill head 1 for hard rock, which carries rotationallymounted extraction tools or disc tools 2. The discs are rotationallymounted about substantially radial axes. In the illustration accordingto FIG. 1, portions of the laterally cantilevering rollers 3 and 4 arerespectively visible in the lower region, each again carrying extractiontools or disc tools 5. The disc tools 5 provided on the rollers 3, 4serve to cut or excavate the floor widening. From the illustrationaccording to FIG. 2, the rollers 3 and 4 as well as the disc tools 5arranged on these rollers are again visible. The distance a of adjacentdisc tools on the shells of the rollers 3 and 4, respectively, in thiscase is chosen as a function of the radial distances of the discs 2 ofthe drill head 1 in order to optimize the cutting performance. The axisof rotation of the drill head is denoted by 6 in FIG. 2, on which alsothe skid-shaped floor support 7 resting on the floor 8 is apparent. Themachine is equipped with lateral supports 9 as well as a roof support10, which can be pressed against the already cut road or tunnel profile.The pressing cylinders for the supports 9 are, for instance, denoted by11.

From the illustration according to FIG. 3, discs 2 are again apparent,which are rotationally mounted on the drill head 1. The drill head 1,moreover, carries shovel-like chutes 12, via which material is upwardlyconveyed at a rotation of the drill head about the axis 6 and whichenable the throwing off of cut material on an upwardly located deliverysite to a haulage device 13. The axes of rotation of the rollers 3 and 4are denoted by 14, the envelope cut by the rotating bits being indicatedat 15.

A carrier 16 connected with the drill head 1 carries folding shovels 17,via which the material cut and taken up by the rollers rotating in thesense of arrow 18 is again conveyed towards a delivery point to thehaulage means 13.

The floor support in the form of a skid 7 extends below the axis ofrotation 14 of the roller 3 from a front end facing the mine face 19 toa rear end 20 located behind the projection of the axis 14, thuseffectively counteracting tilting of the heading machine.

1-8. (canceled)
 9. A full-cut heading machine, comprising: a drill headconfigured for drilling hard rock in a mine, said drill head comprisingextraction tools (2) and being rotationally mounted about an axis ofrotation extending in a driving direction of the heading machine; anddownstream extraction tools (5) configured to produce a floor widened ina floor region of the mine, wherein the downstream extraction tools (5)are distributedly arranged on shells of rollers rotationally mountedtransversely to the axis of rotation of the drill head, andsubstantially parallelly to a plane of the floor.
 10. A full-cut headingmachine according to claim 9, wherein the extraction tools (2) and thedownstream extraction tools (5) are roller bits.
 11. A full-cut headingmachine according to claim 9, wherein two of said rollers arerotationally mounted, at a position outside a vertical longitudinalcentral plane of the heading machine, and wherein an axial length ofeach of said two rollers is between 50 and 75% of a length of a radiusof the drill head.
 12. A full-cut heading machine according to claim 9,wherein the downstream extraction tools (5) are mounted on the shells ofthe rollers with axes of rotation of the downstream extraction tools (5)extending substantially parallelly to axes of rotation of the rollers.13. A full-cut heading machine according to claim 9, wherein axialdistances between the downstream extraction tools (5) distributedlyarranged on the shells are 75 to 100% of radial distances between theextraction tools (2) of the drill head.
 14. A full-cut heading machineaccording to claim 9, wherein the rollers are drivable for rotation fromthe floor upwardly to a mine face of the mine.
 15. A full-cut headingmachine according to claim 9, wherein the heading machine furthercomprises a carrier coupled with the drill head, and one or more of thedrill head and the carrier carries clearing tools configured to take upexcavated material, said clearing tools being movable onto a haulagedevice via a discharge site.
 16. A full-cut heading machine according toclaim 9, further comprising a slide-like floor support extending from anend of said heading machine facing the mine face, said floor supportbeing arranged beyond a projection of the axes of rotation of therollers onto the floor, and in a vertical longitudinal central plane ofthe heading machine.
 17. A full-cut heading machine according to claim9, wherein further comprising downstream extraction tools (5) mounted onend faces of the rollers.
 18. A full-cut heading machine according toclaim 11, wherein the axial length of each of said two rollers isbetween 60 and 70% of a length of a radius of the drill head.
 19. Afull-cut heading machine according to claim 15, wherein the clearingtools are one or more of chutes and folding shovels.
 20. A full-cutheading machine according to claim 10, wherein two of said rollers arerotationally mounted, at a position outside a vertical longitudinalcentral plane of the heading machine, and wherein an axial length ofeach of said two rollers is between 50 and 75% of a length of a radiusof the drill head.
 21. A full-cut heading machine according to claim 10,wherein the downstream extraction tools (5) are mounted on the shells ofthe rollers with axes of rotation of the downstream extraction tools (5)extending substantially parallelly to axes of rotation of the rollers.22. A full-cut heading machine according to claim 11, wherein thedownstream extraction tools (5) are mounted on the shells of the rollerswith axes of rotation of the downstream extraction tools (5) extendingsubstantially parallelly to axes of rotation of the rollers.
 23. Afull-cut heading machine according to claim 10, wherein axial distancesbetween the downstream extraction tools (5) distributedly arranged onthe shells are 75 to 100% of radial distances between the extractiontools (2) of the drill head.
 24. A full-cut heading machine according toclaim 11, wherein axial distances between the downstream extractiontools (5) distributedly arranged on the shells are 75 to 100% of radialdistances between the extraction tools (2) of the drill head.
 25. Afull-cut heading machine according to claim 12, wherein axial distancesbetween the downstream extraction tools (5) distributedly arranged onthe shells are 75 to 100% of radial distances between the extractiontools (2) of the drill head.
 26. A full-cut heading machine according toclaim 10, wherein the rollers are drivable for rotation from the floorupwardly to a mine face of the mine.
 27. A full-cut heading machineaccording to claim 11, wherein the rollers are drivable for rotationfrom the floor upwardly to a mine face of the mine.
 28. A full-cutheading machine, comprising: a drill head configured for drilling hardrock in a mine, said drill head comprising extraction tools (2) andbeing rotationally mounted about an axis of rotation extending in adriving direction of the heading machine; and downstream extractiontools (5) configured to produce a floor widened in a floor region of themine, wherein the downstream extraction tools (5) are arranged on shellsand on end faces of rollers rotationally mounted transversely to theaxis of rotation of the drill head, and substantially parallelly to aplane of the floor, the extraction tools (2) and the downstreamextraction tools (5) are roller bits, two of said rollers arerotationally mounted at a position outside a vertical longitudinalcentral plane of the heading machine, an axial length of each of saidtwo rollers is between 60 and 70% of a length of a radius of the drillhead, the downstream extraction tools (5) are mounted on the shells ofthe rollers with axes of rotation of the downstream extraction tools (5)extending substantially parallelly to axes of rotation of the rollers,axial distances between the downstream extraction tools (5)distributedly arranged on the shells are 75 to 100% of radial distancesbetween the extraction tools (2) of the drill head, the rollers aredrivable for rotation from the floor upwardly to a mine face of themine, and wherein the heading machine further comprises: a carriercoupled with the drill head, wherein one or more of the drill head andthe carrier carries one or more of chutes and folding shovels configuredto take up excavated material and said one or more of chutes and foldingshovels are movable onto a haulage device via a discharge site, and aslide-like floor support extending from an end of said heading machinefacing the mine face, said floor support being arranged beyond aprojection of the axes of rotation of the rollers onto the floor, and ina vertical longitudinal central plane of the heading machine.